The land of Sultanpur district is generally plane except some regions around the Gomti river which drains almost the whole district. However, the southern part of Sultanpur drains towards Sai river flowing through the Pratapgarh district. The climate of Sultanpur is semi-arid with very hot summer and equally cold winter season. During the summer months i.e.May-June, the maximum temperature goes beyond 44 degrees Celcius and in winter months of Dec.-Jan. it is around 3-4 degrees. Geographic area of the district is 4436 sq km. It may be called an agrarian area as agriculture is the main occupation of the people. Sultanpur, the head quarter of the district is the only town of importance having municipal board. Other town areas are Amethi, Musafirkhana, Dostpur, Kadipur and Koeripur. There are six tehsils and tewnty two development blocks which form the district. Namely, Sadar (Sultanpur), Kadipur, Musafirkhana, Amethi, Gauriganj and newly formed Lambhua are the tehsils. There are one municipality and five town areas in the district. The city of Sultanpur (which gives its name to the district) lies in latitude 26 degree 15 minutes north and longitude 82 degree 05 minutes east on the right bank of Gomti about 61 km south of Faizabad, 42 km north of Pratapgarh and 138 km southeast of Lucknow. It is on the branch line of Lucknow-Jaunpur section of the Northern Railway (broad guage) passing through Sultanpur, Jafrabad and Jaunpur. Another branch line of the same railway connects it with Faizabad and Allahabad. Metalled road connects it Faizabad, Shahganj (district Jaunpur), Jaunpur, Pratapgarh, Raebareli and Lucknow. District road connects Sultanpur with Amethi. The original town was situated on the left bank of the Gomti. It is said to have been founded by Kusa, son of Rama, and to have been named after him Kusapura or Kusabhavanpur. This ancient city has been identified by General Cunnigham with the Kusapur mentioned by Hiuentsang, the Chinese traveller. He states that there was in his time a dilapidated stupa of Ashoka and that Buddha taught here for six months. There are Buddhist remains still visible at Mahmoodpur, a village, 8 km distant to the northwest of Sultanpur. In this city there are two parks, one maintained by Soldiers', Sailers' and Airmen's board and other privately maintained known as Chimanlal Park. A library called Vinayak Mehta library, aided by Municipal Board is the only library in the city. It is run by the Vinayak Mehta Library Trust Association and contains over 10,000 books. In Chowk there is a clock tower. On the bank of Gomti is Sitakund, where Sita bathed as she accompanied her husband (the Loard Rama) on his exile. Bathing fairs are held there in Chaitra and Kartika. In civil lines opposite the collectorate is a church known as Christ Church which was opened and consecrated on the 16th November 1869. Next to the church, on the south side, stands Victoria Manzil, built in commemoration of the first jubilee of Queen Victoria. Now it is called as Sunder Lal Memorial Hall and it houses the office of the Municipal Board. A stadium, named as Pant stadium has been built in the city in 1954-55. The only mineral of importance is kankar found in great abundance all along the bed of Gomti. It lies at a depth ranging from a few centimeters to about one meter from the surface, in a stratum of about the same thickness. The kankars are of four types : bichua a first rate road metal, somewhat black in appearance, mathia, lighter and softer variety with which a quantity of clay or earth is always intermixed, patharia, a sandy stony metal, chatan, a hard yellow metal of considerable value. The reefs all along the Gomti also contain fossil formation of yellow color from which excellent lime is obtained. Reh or saline efflorescence is found in usar lands specially in tehsil Amethi. Clay is found in almost in every part of the district. A variety of clay known as multani mitti is found in the village of Dewar in pargana Chanda at a distance of about five kilometer from river Gomti. The village (Dewar) lies on the bank of a rain stream and the earth is found in a layer of about 15 cm thickness at a depth of about a meter. It is used for pottery and dyeing purposes.

How to reach

By Air

The nearest airport for Sonbhadra is Babatpur which is in District Varanasi & 110 Kms from Robertsganj (District HQ.). There are direct flights from Varanasi to different major cities i.e. Delhi, Agra, Khajuraho, Kolkata, Mumbai, Lucknow & Bhubhneshwar etc and vice-versa.

By Train

The nearest railway station for District Headquarter is "Robertsganj" which is on the loop line from Chunar (Delhi-Howrah line). There are so many other stations in District Sonbhadra i.e. Chopan, Renukoot, Shaktinagar etc. The trains directly connected Sonbhadra to various cities i.e. Delhi, Kanpur, Allahabad, Pathankot, Jalandhar, Amritsar, Ludhiyana, Ranchi, Lucknow, Kolkotta etc.

By Road

The Sonbhadra is well connected to Lucknow, Allahabad, Varanasi, Mirzapur etc by road. Buses are 24 hours available from Varanasi to Sonbhadra & it will take hardly 2 ½ hours to Robertsganj (Distrcit Headquarter).

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