Life is very short. The main purpose of all living things on earth is to reproduce. Likewise, we human beings are bound by our duty to reproduce. Reproduction is the art of producing new organisms that is the process whereby life is continued from one generation to other. Parenting a child is one of the best feelings in the world. But unfortunately, some of the couples are deprived of this opportunity because of infertility problems.
WHAT IS INFERTILITY ?
Infertility is the inability to conceive and become pregnant after 12 months of regular, unprotected sex. If a couple does not conceive after a year of effort, it is likely that the man, the woman, or both partners are infertile. Infertility affects men and women equally. Infertility affects 10-15% of all married couples. 80% of couples conceive within a year. Another 5-10% conceive in the subsequent years (within 2-3 years) and the rest remain infertile.
Conception and pregnancy are complicated processes involving many biologic factors. A man should produce healthy sperm and a woman healthy egg; the cervical mucus should be healthy and abundant so that the sperm travels through the cervical canal to the uterus and fallopian tubes; the fallopian tubes opens so that the sperm can reach the egg; the sperm fertilizes with the egg and the fertilized egg (the embryo) implants in the woman’s womb and the outcome is a beautiful baby. While this may seem simple, but if any one of the biologic factors is impaired or damaged in any way, infertility can result.
TYPES OF INFERTILITY
Infertility is classified into two types:
Primary infertility - When no pregnancy has ever occurred. Approximately 70% of infertile couples have primary infertility.
Secondary infertility – When there has been a previous pregnancy regardless of the outcome. Approximately 30% of couples have secondary infertility.
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