PLASTIC SURGERY is that field of surgery which deals with Reconstruction repair of the affected part ('following injury, deformity or disfigurement of any part of. body).

Repair is done from patients own tissues and, does not usually involve the use of any synthetic implants. The use of tissue expenders has greatly reduced the need to lift skin grafts & tissue from. Tissue from one part of body to repair and affected part which neither harms the patient nor leaves a secondary defect. Repair of tissues involves-any tissue from skin to bone.

The word' PLASTIC' means molding or giving "SHAPE' in Italian language. PLASTIC surgery originated in INDIA around 600 BC. Suhsruta disciple of "Danvantri" of Varanasi(Kashi) INDIA is first person to account of any reconstructive procedures especially of Noses as chopping of nose was a common punishment for adultery those days. Kangra was known as home of Plastic Surgery of ear so the name "Kangra". Plastic Surgery was introduced in Europe during Second World War as surgery or restoration of function & shape to the affected part.

Reconstructive Plastic surgery also involves treatment of, burns , road side vehicular accidents, industrial, agricultural particularly thrasher ,fodder cutter, tube well/ generator belt injuries of hands & feet. Fractures of bones of face, Jaws & hands as well as soft tissue injuries of face & limbs are also treated or reconstructed by Plastic Surgeons.

Burns, contractures, non-healing/ chronic ulcer In cancer surgery & in industrial accidents like crush injuries of hands in printing press, stone crusher, power loom (cloth weaving machines), or machine tool making industry, Reconstruction plays an important role.

Corrective Surgery is done for birth defects like Hare Lip, hole in palate, Bat ears, saddle or crooked hump nose, snub nose, broad, nose, birth marks~ deformities of face or jaw bones .webbed fingers or toes, multiplication of fingers or Deformities can also be found in urinary or since, birth, cosmetic surgery is mostly confined to face, neck, breasts and abdomen, though hair transplantation in bald patches on scalp, reconstruction of eye brows or moustache.

Sub specialities of Plastic Surgery are:-

• Cleft Lip & Cleft Palate Surgery
• Burns
• Micro Vascular Surgery mainly involves re implantation of severed limbs or any other parts of body. It has been used in Face transplant.
• Hand Surgery
• Maxillofacial Surgery
• Ocular Plastic Surgery {Plastic Surgery Of Eyes}
• Plastic Surgery Of Genito Urinary System, Vaginal Surgery
• Neuro Plastic Surgery
• Cosmetic/Aesthetic Surgery
• Correction of deformities of urinary, rectal, or Genital tracts or inter sex problems.

Cosmetic plastic Surgery of face mostly correction of eyelids (baggy or double eye lids) or sagging eye Brows or Forehead lift, face arnd neck lift and correction of laugh lines, Pox marks, Crows Feet, Jowls, Goose Neck, ,Double chin, Thin or Thick Lips, creation of Dimple on cheeks, Reduction of Adam's Apple.

NONSURGICAL: NO CUT ,NO STICH Rejuvenation of Face, Forehead, Eye Brows, Eye Lids, sagging Face sagging Lips, Neck & Chin is performed by passing barbed wires or barbed threads or barbed springs {made of same synthetic material as used in common surgical procedures or wound suturing}. These are short Lunch break procedures which do not need prolonged Hospital admission nor any need for general anesthesia as they involve only needle pricks.

Increase in the size of Breasts involves implantation of prosthesis or tissue expanders. Reduction Mammoplasty involves removal of sagging fat & loose skin from Breasts may be combined with Breast Prosthesis for Breast Lift.

Now extra localized fat pockets from breasts, under arms, thighs, hips, flanks or 'belly can be either sucked out by the use of LIPO or fat suction apparatus which a small button holes in skin to suck extra fat. Extra localized fat pockets may need removal of sagging skin by-staged plastic surgical procedures. Extra body fat is also dissolved by Laser Liposuction or by High Beam Ultra sound waves or Ultra sonic Lipo suction or Carboxy therapy injecting carbon Dioxide under skin before ultrasound therapy.

Meso Therapy involves injection of multiple drugs under skin to dissolve fat over a period of minimum two six months or Cosmetic surgery is also performed for removal of scars warts, skin tags or Post acne (pimples) or small pox pitted marks of face by surgery or use of Laser.

Latest fad in USA is the love Surgery (widely sought by Egyptian women since ancient times) which involves reshaping or reduction of Labia, Restoration of Virginity & Vagino-Plasty {tightening of Vagina}. Married women are reported to get Hymenoplasty done before their marriage anniversary as a present to their husbands.