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Insomnia, the most common sleep disorder, is defined as difficulty falling and staying asleep every night or most nights, despite an adequate opportunity to sleep. Other symptoms of insomnia include waking up too early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and experiencing an unrefreshing night's sleep. As a result of a poor night's sleep, one usually feels tired and irritable the next day and has trouble concentrating on everyday tasks. Insomnia also can be a symptom of other physical and mental conditions, such as depression, or even of another sleep disorder, such sleep apnea.
Insomnia can last one night or up to several weeks. In some patients, it can be a chronic condition and last for years. Transient insomnia lasts for short periods of time and is described as "intermittent" when it occasionally re-occurs. Chronic insomnia is when episodes occur on most nights and last one month or more. According to the National Sleep Foundation's 2002 Sleep in America poll, 58 percent of adults surveyed reported experiencing one or more symptoms of insomnia at least a few nights a week in the past year, a number that represented 63 percent of adult women and 54 percent of adult men. More than three in ten (35 percent) say they have experienced insomnia every night or almost every night. Research has shown that sleep loss accumulates over time, causing a sleep debt. Insufficient restful sleep can result in mental and physical health problems, low energy, memory lapses, and difficulty maintaining equilibrium. Typical sleep patterns can be disrupted by many factors: * Stress * Family demands or an overly busy schedule * Hormonal influences and changes in core body temperature (e.g., during ovulation or menstruation, hot flashes and night sweats characteristic of menopause) * Dieting, which can lower a woman's body temperature * Symptoms of pregnancy, such as body aches, nausea, leg cramps, fetal movements and heartburn * Depression, anxiety and worry.
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